安卓官方开发指南

Getting Started

  • Styling the Action Bar

    • ActionBar可以有tab,也可以有分离的底部bar,用于显示action items
    • 使用Theme
      • Theme.Holo,暗黑系主题
      • Theme.Holo.Light,光明系主题
      • Theme.Holo.Light.DarkActionBar,光明系主题,暗黑系ActionBar
      • <application android:theme="@android:style/Theme.Holo.Light" ... />
      • 使用support library时
        • Theme.AppCompat,暗黑系
        • Theme.AppCompat.Light
        • Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar
      • Android-Action-Bar-Icons
    • 自定义背景

      • standard: android:actionBarStyle ==> android:background
      • support: actionBarStyle ==> background
      • 示例

        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
        <resources>
           <!-- the theme applied to the application or activity -->
           <style name="CustomActionBarTheme"
               parent="@style/Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar">
               <item name="android:actionBarStyle">@style/MyActionBar</item>
        
               <!-- Support library compatibility -->
               <item name="actionBarStyle">@style/MyActionBar</item>
           </style>
        
           <!-- ActionBar styles -->
           <style name="MyActionBar"
               parent="@style/Widget.AppCompat.Light.ActionBar.Solid.Inverse">
               <item name="android:background">@drawable/actionbar_background</item>
        
               <!-- Support library compatibility -->
               <item name="background">@drawable/actionbar_background</item>
           </style>
        </resources>
        
    • 自定义文字颜色

      • standard
      • Action bar title: android:actionBarStyle ==> android:titleTextStyle ==> android:textColor
      • Action bar tabs: android:actionBarTabTextStyle ==> android:textColor
      • Action buttons: android:actionMenuTextColor
      • support: 规则一样,去掉android:前缀(android:textColor不需要去掉前缀)
      • 示例

        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
        <resources>
        <!-- the theme applied to the application or activity -->
        <style name="CustomActionBarTheme"
           parent="@style/Theme.AppCompat">
           <item name="android:actionBarStyle">@style/MyActionBar</item>
           <item name="android:actionBarTabTextStyle">@style/MyActionBarTabText</item>
           <item name="android:actionMenuTextColor">@color/actionbar_text</item>
        
           <!-- Support library compatibility -->
           <item name="actionBarStyle">@style/MyActionBar</item>
           <item name="actionBarTabTextStyle">@style/MyActionBarTabText</item>
           <item name="actionMenuTextColor">@color/actionbar_text</item>
        </style>
        
        <!-- ActionBar styles -->
        <style name="MyActionBar"
           parent="@style/Widget.AppCompat.ActionBar">
           <item name="android:titleTextStyle">@style/MyActionBarTitleText</item>
        
           <!-- Support library compatibility -->
           <item name="titleTextStyle">@style/MyActionBarTitleText</item>
        </style>
        
        <!-- ActionBar title text -->
        <style name="MyActionBarTitleText"
           parent="@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Widget.ActionBar.Title">
           <item name="android:textColor">@color/actionbar_text</item>
           <!-- The textColor property is backward compatible with the Support Library -->
        </style>
        
        <!-- ActionBar tabs text -->
        <style name="MyActionBarTabText"
           parent="@style/Widget.AppCompat.ActionBar.TabText">
           <item name="android:textColor">@color/actionbar_text</item>
           <!-- The textColor property is backward compatible with the Support Library -->
        </style>
        </resources>
        
    • Customize the Tab Indicator(图标/左侧按钮)

      • standard: android:actionBarTabStyle ==> android:background
      • 示例

        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
        <resources>
        <!-- the theme applied to the application or activity -->
        <style name="CustomActionBarTheme"
           parent="@style/Theme.AppCompat">
           <item name="android:actionBarTabStyle">@style/MyActionBarTabs</item>
        
           <!-- Support library compatibility -->
           <item name="actionBarTabStyle">@style/MyActionBarTabs</item>
        </style>
        
        <!-- ActionBar tabs styles -->
        <style name="MyActionBarTabs"
           parent="@style/Widget.AppCompat.ActionBar.TabView">
           <!-- tab indicator -->
           <item name="android:background">@drawable/actionbar_tab_indicator</item>
        
           <!-- Support library compatibility -->
           <item name="background">@drawable/actionbar_tab_indicator</item>
        </style>
        </resources>
        
    • ActionBar全部style属性
    • ActionBar Style Generator
  • Overlaying the Action Bar

    • hide/show可以控制隐藏/显示,但是直接使用会导致Activity重新layout
    • 使用overlay mode可以避免重新layout,而使用带有透明度的ActionBar可以使得ActionBar底部的View也可见
    • 起用overlay mode

      <resources>
        <!-- the theme applied to the application or activity -->
        <style name="CustomActionBarTheme"
            parent="@android:style/Theme.AppCompat">
            <item name="android:windowActionBarOverlay">true</item>
      
            <!-- Support library compatibility -->
            <item name="windowActionBarOverlay">true</item>
        </style>
      </resources>
      
    • 设置root layout的顶部边距,使得其完全可见
      • android:paddingTop="?android:attr/actionBarSize"
      • android:paddingTop="?attr/actionBarSize"
  • 多语言支持:创建/values/strings.xml/values-es/strings.xml/values-fr/strings.xml等资源文件夹,其中的资源定义为相同的id,则引用时会自动根据系统设置语言选择对应文件夹下的资源
  • 多尺寸支持:drawable-xhdpidrawable-hdpi/...等等尺寸相关的资源
  • 多系统版本支持
    • minSdkVersion,targetSdkVersion
    • 运行时检查:Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB
  • Fragment之间通信
    • 通过Activity间接实现,Activity实现接口,Fragment获取(getActivity())、cast、调用
    • EventBus

results matching ""

    No results matching ""